Guilt Theme in Shakespeare Essay Example

Guilt Theme in Shakespeare Essay Guilt is something that every human being faces in the world in which we live in. Guilt has been around since the beginning of time and is something that most of us feel from one time or another in our lives. If you are not careful and don’t deal with the problem it can literally eat you alive. William Shakespeare uses the theme of guilt in two of his most famous plays, Macbeth and Hamlet. In Macbeth, Lady Macbeth starts to regret her decision in supporting Macbeth in murdering Duncan. In Hamlet, Claudius carries around the guilt of killing King Hamlet and doesn’t find it a problem until he realizes Hamlet knows what he did. Both circumstances in each play support a famous quote by Lady Macbeth about the truth of guilt. In the play Macbeth, Lady Macbeth proves that a guilty conscience can lead to death devising a plan for her husband to murder King Duncan in hopes that Macbeth will take over the thrown. In the beginning of the play, she is portrayed as a strong and ruthless woman who pressures her husband into murdering Duncan. Even though Macbeth is hesitant, she manipulates her husband into following through with her plan. Afterward, however, Lady Macbeth develops a guilty conscience, which ends up driving her insane. By he end of the play, she commits suicide, signifying her inability to cope with her guilt and supporting the idea that a guilty conscience can cause death. In the midst of this tragedy, Lady Macbeth comments on how she feels after her husband has murdered Duncan. She observes that â€Å"Nought’s had, all’s spent/ Where our desire is got without content: / ‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy/ Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy. † (3. . 5-7) Lady Macbeth is obviously regretting her decision to urge Macbeth into killing Duncan. Although they succeeded in their goal, she still isn’t satisfied with the outcome. She wonders if it would be better to be at â€Å"peace† with the dead than in this â€Å"torture† of being a murderer but ultimately decides to put on a false persona so as not to become a suspect to anyone. I fully agree that Lady Macbeth’s view of guilt is correct and is fully supported by the characters of Lady Macbeth and Claudius in William Shakespeare’s plays. We will write a custom essay sample on Guilt Theme in Shakespeare specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Guilt Theme in Shakespeare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Guilt Theme in Shakespeare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I feel that after anyone commits a crime, no matter the circumstances, guilt will eventually take over someone’s conscience and end up destroying one’s life if they do not confess or try to fix the situation. In the end, the person most always feels so guilty that they would rather be the person who was affected by the deed than the one who did it so that they wouldn’t feel so accountable. This theme is also supported in William Shakespeare’s classic play, Hamlet. Claudius also murders the King in hopes to take over the throne. In order to get Claudius to prove he was responsible, Hamlet devises a plan to prove the guilt of his uncle by re-enacting the murder of his father right in front of him. Based on his reaction, Hamlet will be able to determine whether or not Claudius is truly guilty. As predicted, Claudius storms out of the play and quickly devises a plan to kill Hamlet so that nobody finds out about what he has done. â€Å"When Polonius leaves, the king is alone, and he immediately expresses his guilt and grief over his sin. A brother’s murder, he says, is the oldest sin and â€Å"hath the primal eldest curse upon’t† (3. 3. 37). He longs to ask for forgiveness, but says that he is unprepared to give up that which he gained by committing the murder, namely, the crown and the queen. He falls to his knees and begins to pray. † Since he prays and is clearly feelings guilty over what he has done, it shows how badly guilt can eat away at your conscience. By the end of the play, Hamlet ends up killing Claudius by stabbing him with a poison sword, only supporting the theme that guilt and bad deeds only end up killing you. In conclusion, the theme of guilt is clearly portrayed in both of William Shakespeare’s plays Macbeth and Hamlet. Lady Macbeth asserts that even though someone may commit a crime in hopes to make them happy and get something that he or she wants in life, the guilt will override the happiness. In both Lady Macbeth and Claudius’ cases, their guilt drives them to death. I agree with Lady Macbeth’s assertion and feel that nobody can be truly happy after doing a horrible deed. Living with a guilty conscience makes it impossible to enjoy life and is not something that anyone can ever survive.

Multilingual Create a Secondary Language Profile on LinkedIn

Multilingual Create a Secondary Language Profile on LinkedIn In July 2013, I wrote an article about how to write a secondary language profile on LinkedIn. I have never received as many comments on LinkedIn as I did on that article. Since the LinkedIn is always changing, and the information in that article is now out of date, I’m offering this useful update for any bilingual or multilingual LinkedIn users out there who want to have a profile in a second language. The general rule on LinkedIn is that you may only have one profile; having multiple profiles is a violation of the Terms of Service that could get you booted off the site. However, there is one exception to that rule: the Secondary Language Profile. As of October 2018, 70% of LinkedIn members are located outside of the US. Because such a large portion of users are multilingual and interested in connecting with people both inside and outside of English-speaking countries, LinkedIn allows users to set up additional LinkedIn profiles that cater to secondary languages. LinkedIn supports the following languages as of October 2018: English, Arabic, Bahasa Indonesia, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Czech, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish NOTE: You cannot change the default language of your profile once youve set it up in a particular language. Its recommended that you set up a secondary language profile instead. Creating a Profile in Another Language To create a profile in another language, go to your Profile page and in the upper right corner, select Add profile in another language: Then choose your language from the drop-down menu: Youll also want to update your name and Headline before clicking Create Profile. Editing Your Secondary Language Profile As stated above, LinkedIn does not translate your content for you, so now youll need to edit your secondary language profile. To do so, go to new language profile by selecting it from the upper right corner: Once you are viewing your secondary language profile, you can edit the Summary, Experience, and Education sections as you normally would. When you click the pencil icon to edit one of these sections, youll see that LinkedIn provides a snapshot of your primary profile to help you: Can I Edit My Skills Endorsements or Recommendations? Your Skills and Endorsements cant be edited and will only appear in the language of your primary profile. Recommendations will also only show in the language in which they were written. How Members Will See Your Secondary Language Profile on LinkedIn When a member signs in to LinkedIn and views your profile, they will see it in the language of your primary account; or, if you have multiple profiles in several languages, viewers will see the one most relevant to them. The viewer has the ability to choose from your language profiles by selecting one from the upper right corner of your profile. All of your language profiles will show up in search engines and have their own URL that includes /?locale= and the code for that language. For instance, a profile in French would appear as https://www.linkedin.com/in/yourname/?local=fr_FR. Deleting a Secondary Language Profile If you no longer want your secondary language profile, you can delete it by selecting the language from your drop-down list and clicking the x. If you are looking to attract a multilingual audience, don’t miss creating a secondary language profile on LinkedIn. And if you have other topics you want me to address, please don’t hesitate to ask. I’m here to serve you! You can find information like this and much more in my book, How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile. Get unlimited lifetime PDF updates when you purchase in print or PDF format. Need help crafting KILLER content for your profile? Check out my LinkedIn profile writing services or start with my 20-minute live LinkedIn profile review and well go from there!

Justification of Hacking into Websites Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Justification of Hacking into Websites - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that most hackers state that they hack into websites not as criminals but as interested parties seeking to identify flaws in computer systems or reveal certain information. By hacking, they claim, it becomes possible for computer security firms to prevent or rectify any damaging security leaks. However, due to the side effects of hacking and the damages it causes to computer firms’ images and business, questions have arisen on the issue of justification for hacking and activities. While others insist that hacking can never be justifiable, others believe it is a justifiable practice, depending on the reasons for which it is done. Among the reasons cited for the justification of hacking are to improve the quality of computer/website products, for artistic expression, as political statements, and to uncover expose criminal activities such as corruption and other government or corporate malpractices. In hacking into technology companies su ch as AT&T, which deals with millions of peoples’ data worldwide, hackers believe they compel these companies to ensure that they have tamperproof systems that keep their clients’ data confidential. Therefore, hackers are a watchdog for the public on the security weaknesses of technology firms. Hacking is thus justifiable since it addresses the vulnerabilities inherent in technology products that expose clients’ confidential information. Hacking could also be justifiable if it exposes illegal political activities by discredited groups. In addition, hacking may be justified if it reveals certain publicly important information, which the public is denied by governments, organizations, or politicians. Importantly, hackers reveal malpractices and criminal activities that may be happening without the knowledge of the public and the law enforcement agencies. Â  

Develop a tourism planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Develop a tourism planning - Assignment Example If it is found not to benefit in any way then another option is picked. In the tourism planning several issues are regarded which encompasses the environment in which the actual planning is taking place. The socio-economic is one important factor, physical and political factors are considered when deciding on the planning. These are either interrelated or interdependent components of the system (Marcouiller, 1995). Just like any other planning, it is also in tourism that the planning aim is to achieve certain goals and objectives. This is the benchmark for any planning activity. The achievement of the goals and objective is done after a careful evaluation of the available resources and the needs of the peoples. This allows one to make efforts of marching the two given the available resources. The planning is a multi disciplinary activity in which a comprehensive and systematic approach is used to reach a comprehensive approach. It involves several steps, which are subject of revision as the process goes on (Reid, 2004). Tourism planning then has the following steps; defining of goals and the objectives, Identification of the system of tourism to adopt, Available resources, organization, Market availability, alternatives, evaluation of the alternatives, selection, and finally monitoring and evaluation. Goals and Objectives Setting the goals and objective in any organization will always allow the management to work in relation to a target. The goals in this case will be set after doing the SWOT analysis (Reid, 2004). This is very important, as it will enable as to appreciate the resources and challenges that we have so that we can define an appropriate goals and objectives to pursue. Before deciding on the goals, we will have to evaluate our past performance and current performance vis a vis the resources we have and the expectations of our customers. In setting the goals and objectives, we have to consider the strategies that are used by the competitors in the m arket. This will enable us to be at par with them or surpass them in the provision of services (Riley, Ladkin, & Szivas, 2010). Following the above set criterion, we will have to set our goals and objectives as follows; I. To launch an extensive advertisement of our tourist site all over the world and demonstrate that we are the site of choice given the diverse natural flora and fauna in our site. II. Modernize our system to meet the international standards. That is, including indoor pools in to provide services during winter periods. We also intend to improve maintain he infrastructural activities within our site. III. To collaborate with other stakeholders in an effort to create a brand name for our site and at the same time get involved in the corporate social responsibility to increase domestic tourism in to the site. IV. To increase the total revenue collection of the site by expanding both the local and the international market to maintain all round visitation into the site. T ourism System to Adopt In the planning, we are going to couple both domestic and international tourism. This is aimed at widening the market level of the customers. In the resent past, both international and rural tourism has shown remarkable increase and there is need to develop a system that will trap the looming potential of visitors in the site. We therefore want to modernize the rural tourism to attract the international

Migration Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Migration - Assignment Example In other instances, migration is as a result of marriage. Married couples often migrate to convenient locations where they can live happily together and state a family. The emerging migration trends indicate that migration can be influenced by gender as well as sexuality. Gender has a strong relation to social, economic and political factors that might influence the movement of people from one place to another. Gender and its related subjects are some of the most discussed issues globally. Many news magazines, articles and newspapers feather gender as an emerging issue which has influenced the lives of people in so many ways (Pojmann.2006. pg. 17). Migration is one of the phenomena attributed to gender. Researchers as well as the media have been working to discover the reasons that link gender to the migration of people. This document is a review of an article on gender and migration by the International Organization for Migration. Gender in this case is described as the differences between the women and men. The differences between the male and the female gender places a great role in the social, cultural and economic status of a particular geographical location. This influences the settlement and migration of people. In 1980s, migration highly focused on economy. Male migrants played major roles in the economy while female migrants were viewed as passive followers. However this has chang ed with the change of time and women are currently playing an equal role as that of men when it comes to economic issues. The battle for supremacy is the factor that brings inequality to both genders. Men are the dominant species in the business market, thus women have found it difficult to contribute to an equal share of the economy as they are suppressed by the fact that men have taken all control of the job market. This factor has made women to migrate form one geographical

Female Education And A Nations Development Education Essay

Female Education And A Nations Development Education Essay Female education is essential for the development of a nation. This is mainly because women are involved in all sorts of activities both at a regional level and at the community level such as child bearing and household chores etc. Hence it is very important to provide quality education to women to help them contribute to the development of the nation in a meaningful way. Various studies show that womens education is very important in order to improve the socio-economic position of their families. It is the inequality in access to education for female students that prevents them from obtaining the essential education necessary for their well being and their familys development. The traditional thinking of many societies that women are just supposed to do the household work has contributed largely to the low levels of female education around the globe. It is seen however that the societies that have focused on providing better education to women have better indicators of social welfar e. These societies for example have lower infant mortality rate apart from that the issue of lower fertility rates, also increased life expectancy, improved nutrition and most importantly better opportunities for their children. Other factors such as residential status and parents concern and attitude towards female students also plays an important role in improving the educational status of female students in any society. Parents level of education also has a direct impact on their daughters education. The link between the mother and daughter is the strongest. Poverty, parents professional status, lack of skilled teachers and lack of incentives such as scholarships for women, deprivation of parental care and proper educational policies affect the standard of female education. (I.A. Adetunde, 2008) Thus Womens education is a very important issue. Women who are educated can make profound choices in the matter of health, nutrition and basic upbringing of a child. There is great impact on infant mortality health, fertility, productivity and a childs academic performance if women are educated. On 8th March 2004 Laura Bush (the first lady at that time) said on the womens day that when a women is denied education youve denied half of the population the chance to succeed and the chance to contribute to a society and to a culture. she also said that Women are more likely to be able to make informed choice so that their children dont suffer from malnutrition or other diseases and ensure that their children can receive best health care. In Every culture, the responsibility of the upbringing and nourishing of a child lies in the hands of the mother. Due to this responsibility the womens education has gained quite an importance globally. Studies reveal that womens education has strong implications on every aspect of a childs upbringing and one of them is the childs academic performance. Children of educated mothers are seen to have better academic performance as compared to children of less or uneducated mothers. (Tahir Andrabi, Jishnu Das, Asim Ijaz Khwaja: March 2009) Educated mothers can help their children throughout their life, but most importantly they can help their children in their early days of education. They try to indulge their children in more productive educational activities apart from what they study at school. This enhances the childs educational capabilities and helps them achieve success. According to a study an additional year of post compulsory schooling of a mother has a positive impact on their childs academic performance i.e. mothers who stay in full time education beyond the minimum school leaving age are more likely to demonstrate positive educational attitudes and behaviours such as reading to their children. (Leon Feinstein and Ricardo Sabates: January 2008) Higher education is consistently associated with a higher likelihood of marriage, whereas less education is associated with a higher likelihood of divorce (Jennifer March Augustine, 2010). Thus educated mothers tend to have more stable relationships and family status. This in turn affects their childrens academic performance. Children have a healthy environment to live in and thus can concentrate more on their studies and perform well. The flow of resources such as time, money and socio-emotional support etc from the mother to children is affected by this relationship status. (Jennifer March Augustine, 2010). Marital and fertility patterns have been seen to change over the last few decades. Women who are more educated (college graduates) have been the least likely to get married and have children historically. Today however, the situation is changing and this marriage gap is eroding The returns to marriage have changed. College educated women marry later, do not view marriage as a financial security, have fewer children and declining divorce rates since 1970s as compared to women without college degrees. These factors help women to have a better and a healthier family life which in turn helps them in their Childs upbringing. The children of more educated women thus can focus more on their studies as they have a healthier environment to study in and so they perform well (Adam Isen Feb. 2010). A Mothers education influences a child mostly during the childs early years of education (primary education). Educated mothers make their children spend more time in outdoor activities, reading etc and are concerned about their childs progress at school and have expectations of the childs future educational achievements .This encourages the child to focus more on his studies and enhances his capabilities. (Leon Feinstein and Ricardo Sabates: January 2008). Moreover there are substantial intergenerational returns to education. An additional year of a mothers schooling makes a positive contribution to the Childs academic performance. It increases the Childs performance on a standardized math test by almost 0.1 of a standard deviation and reduces the incidence of behavioural problems especially for children aged 7-8.There are various channels that transmit the effect of maternal education to the child, including parental investments throughout different stages of a Childs life and family environment. Educated women tend to have a healthier home environment with better and more stable family lives which then contribute to their Childs educational excellence. Maternal education also reduces grade repetition and the incidence of behavioural problems. Educated mothers basically avoid early childbearing, are more likely to be married to educated men and tend to have higher incomes. Thus they can contribute in several ways to their Childs educa tion for example through books, involving them in extracurricular activities or buying them a computer. This additional investment pays off in the form of improved child performance in all academic aspects of his life. Even if educated mothers work more they do not neglect their children as they are aware of the negative consequences of doing so (Pedro Carneiro, Sep 2007). Also educated mothers tend to spend more time with their children and their children tend to spend more time studying outside school thus there is a strong impact of maternal education on their childs test scores.( Tahir Andrabi, Jishnu Das and Asim Ijaz Khwaja, March 2009). Educated mothers bring in more encouragement and ability for their children to succeed in life. Children of educated mothers are usually more confident, free from anxieties, ambitious, self reliant and more focused. It is seen that an increase in mothers education leads to an increase in the students achievement at school .Those mothers who stayed on in education rather than just having the basic primary education can help their children in a better way. A direct relationship is seen between a mothers education level and their childs academic performance. (Azra Parveen Muhammad Tayyab Alam 2008). Traditionally it has been thought that an increase in investment in womens schooling pays off in the form of increased schooling of the next generation. Some authors have a different view however. According to them the positive relationship between mother-child schooling can not entirely be considered true as it is somewhat biased upward due to the correlations between schooling and assortative mating and heritable ability. The other studies, they argue have not considered these factors and thus conclude showing a positive relationship between mother-child schooling and education. An increase in the schooling of women does not have beneficial effects in terms of the schooling of children (Jere R. Behrman and Mark R. Rosenzweig, 2002). Increases maternal schooling and education instead makes the mothers concentrate less on their homes, family and specifically their children. It is emphasized that the time of the women is an essential factor in childbearing and thus women should concen trate more on their families and not on education. This, they argue will lead to a better academic future for their child. Better schooling of the mother however can improve a Childs health in certain situations. Basically the result of investing in womens schooling requires attention to the role played by schooling in the labor and marriage market for women. (Jere R. Behrman and Mark R. Rosenzweig, 2002) Literacy status of mothers also strongly affects the health and nutritional state of their children thus literate mothers can take better care of their childs health and protect them against several diseases. With illiterate mothers however there are chances of children developing malnutrition especially children less than three years of age who are underweight. Malnutrition negatively affects the childs academic performance. An educated mother takes better care of their Childs health and thus their child is more successful throughout his life. Although there is a positive correlation between a mothers education and their Childs health some studies reveal that there is hardly any significant effect of a mothers education on Childs health if mothers have got only primary education. Further it has been found that the first three years of mothers education has no impact on the Childs health. The impact is seen after the first three years and the result is not linear in education. After 4 to 6 years of education, the magnitude of this effect becomes small but then again picks up after 1 years of education. (Meherun Ahmed May 2009). Nonetheless, some scholars do not completely support the correlation that there is a strong causal relationship between maternal education and child health. According to them this link has hardly been analyzed properly using the most appropriate statistical models. They are using the community-level fixed-effects models and thus argue maternal education may be a proxy for the socioeconomic status of the household as well as for characteristics of the community of residence. Therefore according to them there is a possibility that the positive relationship between maternal education and child health may be untrue. By controlling for a few socioeconomic variables the maternal education/child health link is seen to be weak. Three markers of child health namely infant mortality, immunization status and childrens height-for-age have been examined. Maternal education has a significant impact on height-for-age and infant mortality in only a few countries around the world. However on the othe r hand maternal education has a strong positive effect on childrens immunization status in about half of the countries of the world even after implementing the community and individual level controls. (SONALDE DESAI AND SOUMYA ALVA, 1998) According to another study, educated parents tend to have educated children. The author focused on studying whether the intergenerational transmission of human capital is more behavioural (nurture) or innate (nature). The data collected helped in separating genetic from environmental parental influences. Results of the analysis emphasised that the nurture component is more important for both parents (mother and father).The education of the most educated female adult in a household has a strong positive effect on the schooling of the children in that household. This holds true for a Childs biological parents and for the parents of an adopted child. It can be said that the more the mother is educated, the better the Childs academic performance. When boys and girls are analysed separately it is seen that if the nurture component is isolated, the fathers education matters more for boys whereas a mothers education matters more for girls. The positive effects of the education of the adopti ve parents are only seen for children related to the head of their new households (Damien de Walque, 2005). Research Project Literature Review By Asna Shahid Section G 07U0469 Submitted to Anam Tahir Lahore School of Economics

The Blackfoot Indians :: essays research papers

The Blackfoot Indians The wind blows across the lone prairie, causing the golden heads of grass to sway in a synchronized motion. On the horizon stands a herd of buffalo with bowed heads silhouetted by the slowly sinking sun. In the east stands an Indian war party mounted on horseback, each individual in different multicolored attire, all with either bows or spears in hand. As they move in for the attack, the mystical scene slowly fades from vision.... This dreamlike scene was once everyday life to the American Indian before they were robbed of all that made their life real. The Indians originally came over to North America via the Bering Strait at a time when the ice age caused the gap to freeze over. They came from Asia by following herds and in search of more. During their travels, some decided to stop and settle down, hence the many different tribes. The Blackfoot occupied the region of modern day Alberta in Canada, and Montana in the U.S. The Blackfoot consisted of three main tribes: the Northern Blackfoot(Siksika), the Piegan(Pikuni), and the Blood(Kainah). The tribes differed little in their speech, but were politically independent. Blackfoot population varied, but was less affected by the arrival of the white man than some tribes due to their location. "In 1855, there were approximately 2,400 Northern Blackfoot, 2,000 Blood, and 3,200 Piegan. The total population of Blackfoot varied as follows: 15,000(1780), 9,000(1801), 7,600(1855), and 4,600(1932)" ( ). The decline of population was most likely due to the white man's diseases and the annihilation of the buffalo. In 1781, the Blackfoot had their first serious attack of smallpox. An epidemic of smallpox again occurred in 1838, 1845 1857, and 1864. In the winter of 1864, the tribe was struck with measles and about 780 died. In the winter of 1883 to 1884, more than 1/4 the Piegan population died of starvation (600). This was mainly the result of official stupidity and the disappearance of the buffalo. The Blackfoot were typically large-game hunters and were mainly dependant on the buffalo for their diet, clothing, and receptacles. They also hunted such animals as the elk, deer, and antelope. There were four main methods of hunting, one of which was the "surround". This method required the use of horses and was done by surrounding the herd, after which they were shot down. Another method was accomplished by driving the game down a cliff, in which the fall would injure the animal enough to hinder their escape. A third method used was impounding, which resembled modern day cow herding. The hunting party would build fences into which they would herd the animals.

Development Theories

Erik Erikson elaborated Freud's genital stage  in adolescence, and added three stages of adulthood (William, 2011). The eight stages according to Mcleod are: Trust Versus Mistrust (birth – 1 year), Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (2 – 3 years), Initiative vs. Guilt (3 – 5 years), Industry (competence) vs. Inferiority (6 – 12 years), Identity vs. Role Confusion (13 – 18 years), Intimacy vs. Isolation (young adulthood), Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood) and Ego Integrity vs. Despair (old age). I am going to discuss the first two.At infancy, children learn to trust or/and mistrust people and environment. I still have family members I am uncomfortable being around because they use to tickle me as a child. Now there is always a sense of mistrust when I am around them. As toddlers, (18 months-3 years) take pride in self and learn to face fears or self-doubt. This is the stage where we gain sphincter control and begin potty training. If our car egivers are overly critical or impatient, or if they demean our efforts, we develop feelings of shame and doubt.After my mum showed me a few times how to go potty, I would tell her I did not want her in the toilet and I could do it myself. This gave me a sense of autonomy and self-esteem. For Erikson, psychosocial development involves certain crises which the individual must face at each stage. Reference McLeod, S. A. (2008). Erik Erikson: Psychosocial Stages. Retrieved from  http://www. simplypsychology. org/Erik-Erikson. html#sthash. dBmFr2FJ. dpbs Crain, William (2011). Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications (6th ed. ).

The Mammy Essays

The Mammy Essays The Mammy Essay The Mammy Essay Mammies, Matriarchs and Other Controlling Images Patricia Hill Collins: Black Feminist Thought Chapter Main Concepts: As it relates to African-American women, the intersecting oppressions of race, class, gender and sexuality could not continue without powerful ideological justifications for their existence, which is perpetuated through controlling images. Controlling societal images is one of the many powers held by the dominant group (white males) in the U. S. to manipulate ideas about black womanhood. Through the perpetuation of these controlling images of the black woman as the mammy, matriarch, welfare queen, jezebel/hoochie and black lady, black women become objects instead of subjects ? i. e. domestic workers are often referred to as â€Å"work mules/animals† or â€Å"girl† Like other people of color and subordinate groups, black women are seen as the â€Å"other† in our society. By not belonging, black women emphasize the signifi cance of belonging. ? Black feminist thought derives from this kind of thinking, as a means to resist these controlling images. Black women insist on the right to establish and define their own reality Controlling Images and Black Women’s Oppression During this slavery era images of black women were socially constructed to maintain their subordination Unlike Black women, white women were encouraged to possess four cardinal virtues: piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity ? Mammy: Asexual, faithful, obedient domestic servant; yardstick used to measure all black women behavior Image aims to influence maternal behavior; raises children to know place in society Matriarch: Spends too much time out the home working; overly the aggressive; emasculates husbands and lovers; unfeminine. Unlike mammy, she is the â€Å"bad† black mother Introduced in a government report on Black poverty in 1965 called the Negro Family: The Case for National Action (Moynihan report) ? The report blamed black mothers for their childrens failures; working lead to a lack of attention and care; delinquency; Further a sserts that slavery destroyed black families by reversing roles of men and women Black backlash- Diverts attention from the reality of political and economic inequalities that shape black children experiences ? Welfare Queen: Makes use of social welfare benefits to which they are entitled by law; Lazy; fails to pass on work ethic; alone; updated version of â€Å"breeder woman† during slavery This image provides justification for the efforts to control black women’s fertility to the needs of a changing economy ? i. e. during slavery children were valued as property the more slave children you have the more assets you have After WWII black women and their children seen as a economical liability During the 1980s, despite Reagan and the Republicans opposition, Black women and children could not be forced to work, and Black men dropped out of legitimate labor force ? Prison Industrial Complex ? Jezebel/ Hoochie: Represents a deviant black female sexuality; originated un der slavery to justify the many assaults against slave women by white men ? These women are seen as having a strong sexual appetite which leads to an expected outcome of increased fertility Hoochie unlike the Jezebel is an image accepted by the Black community ? Three types of hoochie: plain, gold digger, hoodrat Normal female heterosexuality is expressed in terms of true white womanhood unlike the black â€Å"hot momma† Because of black women sexual appetite is seen as inappropriate or worst, insatiable, black women are characterized as freaks and become stigmatized in society Black women sexuality and fertility is defined by the dominant group (white men) ? Black Lady: Combination of the mammy and matriarch Claire Huxtable, The Cosby Show Controlling Images and Social Institutions Schools, news media and government agencies constitute important sites for reproducing controlling images usually based on the idea of black women having some kind of deviant sexuality ? Social science research; AIDS and teen pregnancy ? Popular culture; Black hip hop music ? Accessibility to birth control measures Controlling images are also perpetuated in Black institutions ? Family, church and civic organizations are all sites where controlling images of black women are simultaneously resisted and reproduced. Color, Hair Texture and Standards of Beauty Despite the resistance of Black women to being objected as the â€Å"other†, controlling images still influence their lives, becoming even more visible. They impact how Black women interact with the world ? Speaking standard/proper English somehow makes you less black i. e. â€Å"I never think of you as black†; â€Å"I don’t see race when I’m with you† The binary thinking between Black and white beauty: ? Thin, white, blonde hair and blue eyes are not beautiful without the â€Å"other†, full lips, broad noses, dark skin and kinky hair White skin and straight hair privileges white women by being the standard of beauty; No matter what a Black woman subjective reality is, she’ll never meet the main stream standards of beauty All women in U. S. are objectified, and their value determined by how they look, but Black is the most â€Å"un-American† Black Women’s Reactions to Control ling Images Historically African American literature by women writer’s usually provide a comprehensive view of Black women struggles to form positive self-definitions in face inferior images Many fictional characters of Black women have themes of pain, violence and death that make up their lives; experiences of internalized oppression ? These characters use drugs, alcohol, excessive religion, and even retreat into madness to attempt to escape painful black female realities ? Denial is another response to controlling images; â€Å"I’m not like the rest† Black female writer’s also document the responses of positive self-definition by Black women ? The Color Purple (the conclusion) ? Waiting to Exhale ? How Stella Got Her Groove Back

Best banking choices for students

Best banking choices for students Important facts for students to select a bank Nowadays it is so great that we have such diverse choice of banks. The banking system and variety of options offer students a lot of possibilities that provide financial freedom. But the questions of that sort should be treated very carefully, since only one wrong step can result in big debts or higher interests. While making choice, one should work out his/her own strategy and think over what bank and what exactly options required. Of course, there are a lot of bank institutions, but you should identify those, which have the most favorable offers for you as a student. They have different options for various targeted groups, filtrate carefully those, which can be of your concern. Short term overdrafts to pay for your custom essays or long term cooperation with setting up a deposit account: decide what you need. We provide for you some other factors you should take into account, before getting involved into financial cooperation. Consider suggestions and free options carefully Attracted by favorable free options of some banks? Of course, they know what they are doing. But do not get trapped! Free short lasting suggestions soon end and you can be faced with less profitable variants of financial service. Thus, having made certain sum of money, you can be looking for the suitable circumstances of saving account opening. Do not forget to monitor the interest rate you will earn within certain period at several banking houses and select that one, which will bring you the biggest profit. Do not fall for free MP3 downloads or few-days free Wi-Fi options if you lose in the interest rate. That is not worth it. Overdraft: amount, limit and interest. Most likely reason people partner with bank is for sure overdraft. Find out what is the maximally possible amount of overdraft, which you can receive as a student. Also ask about the necessity of exceeding limit and the interest it results in. Discover all details and consider all facts. Thus, there are a lot of banks, which offer interest-free overdrafts for students for couple of years and it is really great opportunity for you. One more thing you should bear in mind is that banks will not certainly provide you with the maximal announced sum of the overdraft. Most often it is available only for students of the final year, who have eligible credit rating. So if they say that the maximal possible overdraft is up to  £2,000, there is no guarantee that you will obtain this sum. The repayment procedure It is great if you manage to return the overdraft in time within the interest-free period. But the time spins away and one day you can discover that you are obliged to pay interest charges. That is why before taking overdraft consider all details of the repayment procedure. You should know the exact date when you should return the money and confirm if it should be during the university studies or is supposed to be after graduation. Find out all the details for all the possible scenarios of this financial situation, so that you can be sure that you will be in an advantageous position in any case. Gain the credit rating Starting with small overdrafts, step by step you develop and elaborate your relationships with bank. Such kinds of relationships and partnering result in credit rating. Credit rating is an estimate of your income, borrowed amount and spending history. It is a score, which you receive from bank from the point of view of risk and your financial eligibility. Having trustworthy credit rating you can receive the bigger overdraft amount or gain other favorable options. Think, learn and make your choice being very attentive or even pedantic. We know that this is not much likely for students to give much attention to such boring questions, but the financial concerns are those which definitely should not be neglected.

Review Assignment 5 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review 5 - Assignment Example t’s check and analyze whether the bluefin Tuna is another tragedy of commons, as low degree of radioactive cesium has been traced in fish caught in California in 2011 after Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident. Latest research has revealed that the bluefin migrating from Japan’s coastal region to the Pacific Ocean after a relapse of five months of the tragedy of nuclear accident was tested for byproducts cesium-134 and cesium-137; radiation levels were nearly 3 percent higher than routine presence of the harmful matter, but still bluefin was fit for consumption (Smith par. 1-2). According to Madigan, the key author of a paper on Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, potassium-40 levels are found naturally with a near average 350 bq/kg. As per the Japanese government, the approximated cesium levels found in the fish off the Japanese coast was in the range of 61 and 168 bq/kg. The latest figures from the plant owner, the Tokyo Electric Power Company, have heightened the released quantity of harmful material during the initial weeks of the tragedy to 900,000 terabecquerels, which is two and a half times increased quantity than what was approximated in April 2011 (Smith par. 13-17). Milk is another major item of human consumption. Sample of milk gathered at Spokane, Washington and in San Luis Obispo County, California have revealed the presence of radioactive iodine, or iodine-131. The good and relieving part of the research is that the levels of radioactive iodine were 5,000 counts lesser relatively to the parameter fixed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (CNN Wire Staff par. 4). It needs to be focused that the sample findings are least critical while considering the day-to-day experiences of the people in the matter of eating highly polluted items of food (CNN Wire Staff par. 9). It creates an environment of unnecessary tension among the people that due to the tragedies of the commons happening recurrently in different parts of the

How would scholarship funds help you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How would scholarship funds help you - Essay Example But more than getting good grades, I will become a better nurse with a help with a scholarship fund because I have focused on my studies when I was still in school. Nursing is a very demanding career because the health and well-being of patients depends on us (in addition to the doctor). It requires a thorough preparation during school and this means studying full time to be able to absorb and grasp of the entire rudiments and lessons of nursing so that when patients will be entrusted to us, we would be able to take care of them well. Being able to take care of the patients’ well will also be good to my career as a nurse and this would entail progression in my career. But before having a career, I must do well with my studies first. A scholarship fund will be a huge help to make these aspirations a reality because it will ensure that I can enrol in my nursing